Kebebasan Hak Ijtihad Nikah Beda Agama Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1239Keywords:
MK's Decision, Interfaith Marriage, IjtihadAbstract
This paper has three key issues. The first issue discusses the arguments constructed by applicant of judicial review (JR) to assess the constitutional rights’ violations caused by the application of Article 2 (1) UUP. The second issue discusses on how the Constitutional Court (MK) seated position of state associated marital affairs in the rejection of JR. The third issue discusses model of freedom of ijtihad (legal thought) on interfaith marriage as the impact of MK’s Decision. Based on the discussion, regarding to the first issue, the applicant of JR assess the application of Article 2 (1) UUP has legitimized the state as the sole interpreters of religious teachings for a requirement validity of the marriage. According to the applicant, the role is used by the state (The Office for Religious Affairs/KUA) to not accept interfaith marriage. This refusal led to the violation of some other constitutional rights. Furthermore, as the findings of the second issue, MK’s decision has placed the real position of state not as interpreters of religious teachings, but merely to accommodate the results of religious scholars’s ijtihad regarding marriage into the state law. Thus, it is not true that the state has violated the constitutional right to more intervene the religious life of citizens. Last findings as the third issue, MK’s decision has affected the model of ijtihad freedom on interfaith marriage. Actually interfaith marriage can still be served through the Civil Registry Office (KCS). KCS could be an alternative way to facilitate the interfaith marriages for all religions in Indonesia. Special for KUA, the institution reject to record interfaith marriage. In this way, it only accommodates freedom of ijtihad within the limits of ijtihad jama’i. KUA just accomodates ijtihad by institutions such as the Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah and other similar institutions that reject interfaith marriage. Special for marriage in muslim community, ijtihad jama’i is better than ijtihad fardiy because the second could trigger the liberalization of marriage laws (temporary marriages, polygamy more than four, underage marriages and denial of recording).
References
al-Amili, Ja’far Murthada, 1992, Nikah Mut’ah dalam Islam Kajian dalam Berbagai Mazhab. terj. Abu Muhammad Jawwad. Jakarta: Yayasan As-Sajjad.
al-Damaghany, Husaini bin Muhammad, 1985, Kamus al-Qur’an an Ishah al-Wujuh wa al- Nazhair fi al-Qur’an al-Karim, Beirut: Dar al-Ilm.
al-Jazîrî, Abd ar-Rahmân, t.th., Kitab al-Fiqh ‘Alâ al-Madzâhib al-Arba’ah, Juz IV, Beirut : Daar ar-Rasyiid al-Hadiisah.
Al-Jaziri, Abdurrahman, 2003, al-Fiqhu ‘Ala Mazhahib al-Arba’ah, Beirut-Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Mawardi, tt, Al-Hawi al-Kabir, jilid II, Tahqiq oleh Mahmud Satharji, Beirut: Darul Fikr.
Ansori, Abdul Ghofur, 2011, Hukum Perkawinan Islam Perspektif Fikih dan Hukum Positif. Yogyakarta: UII Press.
asy-Syâfi’î, Muhammad ibn Idrîs, 1980. Al-Umm, Juz V, Beirût: Dâr al-fikr.
az-Zuhaili, Wahbah, 1989, Al-Fiqh al-Islamiy wa Adillatuh, jilid VIII, Beirut: Daar al-Fikr.
Bakar, Alyasa Abu, 2008, Perkawinan Muslim dengan Non-Muslim; Dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Jurisprudensi dan Praktek Masyarakat, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam: Dinas Syariat Islam Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
Depdikbud, 1995, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Fahruddin, Fuad Mohd., 1992, Kawin Mut’ah dalam Pandangan Islam, Jakarta: Pedoman Ilmu Jaya.
Hazairin, 1983, Demokrasi Pancasila, Jakarta : Rineka Cipta.
Karsayuda, M., 2006, Perkawinan Beda Agama: Menakar Nilai-Nilai Keadilan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Yogyakarta: Total Media.
Kemenakertrans RI, 2012, Kesetaraan dan non diskriminasi di tempat kerja di Indonesia, Jakarta: Kemenakertrans RI.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia, 1997, Himpunan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Jakarta: Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
Mulia, Siti Musdah, 2005, Muslimah Reformis:Perempuan Pembaru Keagamaan, Bandung: PT. Mizan Pusaka, 2005.
Nainggolan, Yosaa A, dkk, 2009, Pemaksaan Terselubung Hak Atas Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan, Jakarta: Komnas HAM.
Redaksi Antara, 2008, “Belajar Dari Kasus Syekh Puji”, http://www.antaranews.com/print/127708/belajar-dari-kasus-syekh-puji, diunduh 24 Juni 2015.
Redaksi Solo Pos, 2013, “ Heboh, Eyang Subur Miliki 8 Istri, FPI dan MUI pun Bereaksi”, http://www.solopos.com/2013/04/02/heboh-eyang-subur-miliki-8-istri-fpi-dan-mui-pun-bereaksi-392975, diunduh 24 Juni 2015.
Shafra, 2010, “Nikah Kontrak menurut Hukum Islam”, Jurnal Marwah, Volume IX, Nomor 1, Juni Tahun. 2010, h. 1-27.
Shihab, Quraish, 2005, Perempuan : Dari Cinta Sampai Seks, dari Nikah Mut’ah sampai Nikah Biasa, dari Bias Lama Sampai Bias Baru, Jakarta: Lentera Hati.
Tim Redaksi Nuansa Aulia, 2008, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Bandung: Nuansa Aulia.
Veiwei, Li, 2004, Equality and Non Discrimination Under International Human Rights Law, Oslo: Norwegian for Centre of Human Rights.
al-Damaghany, Husaini bin Muhammad, 1985, Kamus al-Qur’an an Ishah al-Wujuh wa al- Nazhair fi al-Qur’an al-Karim, Beirut: Dar al-Ilm.
al-Jazîrî, Abd ar-Rahmân, t.th., Kitab al-Fiqh ‘Alâ al-Madzâhib al-Arba’ah, Juz IV, Beirut : Daar ar-Rasyiid al-Hadiisah.
Al-Jaziri, Abdurrahman, 2003, al-Fiqhu ‘Ala Mazhahib al-Arba’ah, Beirut-Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Mawardi, tt, Al-Hawi al-Kabir, jilid II, Tahqiq oleh Mahmud Satharji, Beirut: Darul Fikr.
Ansori, Abdul Ghofur, 2011, Hukum Perkawinan Islam Perspektif Fikih dan Hukum Positif. Yogyakarta: UII Press.
asy-Syâfi’î, Muhammad ibn Idrîs, 1980. Al-Umm, Juz V, Beirût: Dâr al-fikr.
az-Zuhaili, Wahbah, 1989, Al-Fiqh al-Islamiy wa Adillatuh, jilid VIII, Beirut: Daar al-Fikr.
Bakar, Alyasa Abu, 2008, Perkawinan Muslim dengan Non-Muslim; Dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Jurisprudensi dan Praktek Masyarakat, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam: Dinas Syariat Islam Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
Depdikbud, 1995, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Fahruddin, Fuad Mohd., 1992, Kawin Mut’ah dalam Pandangan Islam, Jakarta: Pedoman Ilmu Jaya.
Hazairin, 1983, Demokrasi Pancasila, Jakarta : Rineka Cipta.
Karsayuda, M., 2006, Perkawinan Beda Agama: Menakar Nilai-Nilai Keadilan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Yogyakarta: Total Media.
Kemenakertrans RI, 2012, Kesetaraan dan non diskriminasi di tempat kerja di Indonesia, Jakarta: Kemenakertrans RI.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia, 1997, Himpunan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Jakarta: Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
Mulia, Siti Musdah, 2005, Muslimah Reformis:Perempuan Pembaru Keagamaan, Bandung: PT. Mizan Pusaka, 2005.
Nainggolan, Yosaa A, dkk, 2009, Pemaksaan Terselubung Hak Atas Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan, Jakarta: Komnas HAM.
Redaksi Antara, 2008, “Belajar Dari Kasus Syekh Puji”, http://www.antaranews.com/print/127708/belajar-dari-kasus-syekh-puji, diunduh 24 Juni 2015.
Redaksi Solo Pos, 2013, “ Heboh, Eyang Subur Miliki 8 Istri, FPI dan MUI pun Bereaksi”, http://www.solopos.com/2013/04/02/heboh-eyang-subur-miliki-8-istri-fpi-dan-mui-pun-bereaksi-392975, diunduh 24 Juni 2015.
Shafra, 2010, “Nikah Kontrak menurut Hukum Islam”, Jurnal Marwah, Volume IX, Nomor 1, Juni Tahun. 2010, h. 1-27.
Shihab, Quraish, 2005, Perempuan : Dari Cinta Sampai Seks, dari Nikah Mut’ah sampai Nikah Biasa, dari Bias Lama Sampai Bias Baru, Jakarta: Lentera Hati.
Tim Redaksi Nuansa Aulia, 2008, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Bandung: Nuansa Aulia.
Veiwei, Li, 2004, Equality and Non Discrimination Under International Human Rights Law, Oslo: Norwegian for Centre of Human Rights.
Downloads
Published
2016-05-20
How to Cite
Tobroni, Faiq. 2016. “Kebebasan Hak Ijtihad Nikah Beda Agama Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi”. Jurnal Konstitusi 12 (3):604-30. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1239.
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright of the published articles will be transferred to the journal as the publisher of the manuscripts. Therefore, the author confirms that the copyright has been managed by the publisher.
- The publisher of Jurnal Konstitusi is The Registrar and Secretariat General of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia.
- The copyright follows Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License: This license allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms.
