Refleksi Konstitusionalitas Pengawasan Peraturan Daerah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1629Keywords:
pengawasan, perda, otonomi.Abstract
Peraturan Daerah (Perda) sebagai produk hukum pemerintahan daerah untuk mengatur dan memerintah sendiri sebagai manifestasi otonomi, tetapi dalam praktiknya sering kali dihadapkan dengan penundaan atau pembatalan akibat fungsi pengawasan preventif atau represif oleh Pemerintah. Melalui Putusan Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015, Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) meneguhkan fungsi pengawasan preventif dan membatalkan fungsi pengawasan represif dengan harapan: pertama mengakhiri dilema konstitusional fungsi Pengawasan Pemerintah terhadap Perda; kedua, memperkuat otonomi daerah; dan ketiga, meneguhkan pengujian perda sebagai kompetensi Mahkamah Agung (MA). Namun hal tersebut justru menciptakan dikotomi baru, baik terkait hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dengan pemerintahan daerah maupun dalam memaknai fungsi pengawasan represif dihubungkan dengan kompetensi MA menguji peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah undang-undang terhadap undang-undang. Bentuk dikotomi baru yang dimaksud; pertama, merevitalisasi instrumen sentralisme; dan kedua mereduksi otonomi dan fungsi kekuasaan Pemerintah dengan karakteristik yang bersifat aktif, sepihak (bersegi satu) dalam mengawasi dan memastikan pelaksanaan undangundang. Dimensi konstitusional yang harus dipastikan, bahwa pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan represif terhadap Perda memberi kedudukan hukum bagi Pemerintah Daerah otonom untuk dapat mengajukan permohonan pengujian kepada MA.Local Regulation (Perda) as a legal product of local government is to regulate and govern itself as a manifestation of autonomy. Yet, in practice it is often confronted with delays or cancellations due to the Government's preventive or repressive supervision functions. Through Decision Number 137 / PUU-XIII / 2015, the Constitutional Court (MK) affirmed the function of preventive supervision and canceled the repressive supervision function in the hope of: first, ending the constitutional dilemma of the Government Oversight function on Local Regulations; second, strengthening local autonomy; and third, confirm the perda review as Supreme Court (MA) competency. However, this actually creates a new dichotomy, both in relation to the relationship between the Central Government and the local government and in interpreting the repressive monitoring function associated with the MA competency in examining the legislation under the regulations toward the statute. The form of the new dichotomy in intended; firstly, revitalize the instrument of centralism; and secondly reducing the autonomy and function of the Government's power with active, unilateral (onesided) characteristics in supervising and ensuring the implementation of the statute. The constitutional dimension that must be ensured is that the implementation of the repressive oversight function of the Local Regulation gives a legal standing for the autonomous local Government to be able to submit an application for judicial review to the Supreme Court.
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Shala, Marvete and Shala, Skender, “Supervision and Control of Local Governance In The Republic of Kosovo”, European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Volume 2, Issue 1, January-April, 2016, p.74-84.
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Garner, Bryan A., (ed.), 1999, Black’s Law Dictionary, Seventh Edition, West Group, ST. Paul, Minn..
Moeliono, Anton M., et.al., 2001, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Edisi Ketiga, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta.
Peraturan Perundang-undangan
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945
Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah.
Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015.
Ashiddiqie, Jimly, 2006, Perihal Undang-Undang, Konstitusi Press, Jakarta.
Bahar, Saafroedin, et.al., 1998, Risalah Sidang Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI) dan Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI) 28 Mei 1945-22 Agustus 1945, Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia.
Cheema, G. Shabir and Rondinelli, Dennis A. (ed.), 2007, Decentralizing Governance, Emerging Concepts and Practice, Washington D.C.: Brooking Institution Press.
Faisal, King, 2014, Dialektika Pengujian Peraturan Daerah Pasca Otonomi Daerah, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta.
Fatmawati, 2005, Hak Menguji (Toetsingrecht) yang Dimiliki Hakim Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia, Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Fuady, Munir, 2009, Teori Negara Hukum Modern (Rechtstaat), Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Kelsen, Hans, 1970, The Pure Theory of Law, Translation from the second (Revised and Enlarged) German Edition by Max Knight, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London.
Levy, Leonar W., (ed.) 1967, Judicial Review and the Supreme Court, The Academy Library, Harper and Row, Publisher New York, Evanston and London, diterjemahkan oleh Eni Purwaningsi, 2005, Judicial Review: Sejarah Kelahiran, Wewenang dan Fungsinya Dalam Negara Demokrasi, Nusamedia, Bandung.
Manan, Bagir,1994, Hubungan Antara Pusat dan Daerah Menurut UUD 1945, Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan.
_______ , 2001, Menyongsong Fajar Otonomi Daerah, Yogyakarta: Pusat Studi Hukum UII, Yogyakarta.
Soekarno, 2007, Revolusi Indonesia; Nasionalisme, Marhaen, dan Pancasila, Yogyakarta: Galang Press.
Strong, C.F., Modern Political Constitutions; An Introduction to The Comparative Study of Their History and Existing Form, 1966, Sidgwick and Jackson Limited, London.
Jurnal, Makalah dan Sumber Elektronik
Adeyemo, O.D., Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria; A Historical Perspective, J. Soc. Scie., 10(2): 77-87, (2005), p. 77-87.
Fatmawati, Hak Menguji (Toetsingrecht) yang Dimiliki Hakim Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia, Rajawali Press, 2005, h. 12. Munir Fuady, Teori Negara… Op. Cit., h. 128-131.
Fleurke, Frederik and Willemse Rolf, “Measuring Local Otonomy; A Decision Making Approach”, Local Government Studies, Vol. 32, No. 1, 71-78, February 2006.
Hill, Hal (ed.), 2014, Regional Dynamics in a Decentralized Indonesia, Indonesia Update Series, College of Asia and The Pacific, The Australian National University, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore, p. 01-22.
http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2015/07/22/17054251/Sejak.November.2014.hingga.Mei.2015.Mendagri.Batalkan.139.Perda up date 23 April 2017.
Kiuriene, Violeta, “Administrative Supervision of Local Self-Government as an Expression of The Rule of Law in The Context of Good Governance; The Case of Lithuania”, Socialiniai Tyrimai/Social Research, 2013, Nr. 4 (33). 44-55.
Kusnadi, Agus, “Re-Evaluasi Hubungan Pengawasan Pusat dan Daerah Setelah Berlakunya UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah”, Jurnal Arena Hukum, Volume 10, Nomor 1, April 2017, h. 61-77.
Purwo, Santoso, “Cross Cultural Learning for Securing Decentralisation and Democratisation: Assessing Indonesia’s Response to Globalisation”, PCD Journal, Vol. IV, No. 1, 2012, p. 41-80.
Saraswati, Retno, “Implikasi Yuridis terhadap Pengawasan Perda Dalam Konteks Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia”, Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Hukum, Jilid 41, Nomor 3, Tahun 2012, h. 465-471.
Shala, Marvete and Shala, Skender, “Supervision and Control of Local Governance In The Republic of Kosovo”, European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Volume 2, Issue 1, January-April, 2016, p.74-84.
Solikin, Mohammad, et.al., “Central Government Supervision Strategy to Local Government: Case of Delay in The Determination of The Local Budget in Kediri Regency in Eats Java Indonesia”, International Journal of Management and Administrative Science (IJMAS), Vol. 2, No. 6, 39-52.
Kamus dan Ensiklopedia
Garner, Bryan A., (ed.), 1999, Black’s Law Dictionary, Seventh Edition, West Group, ST. Paul, Minn..
Moeliono, Anton M., et.al., 2001, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Edisi Ketiga, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta.
Peraturan Perundang-undangan
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945
Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah.
Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015.
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Published
2019-07-11
How to Cite
Firdaus, Firdaus. 2019. “Refleksi Konstitusionalitas Pengawasan Peraturan Daerah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 137 PUU-XIII 2015”. Jurnal Konstitusi 16 (2):391-415. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1629.
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