Measuring Accountability for Filling the Acting Regional Heads in Indonesia

Menakar Akuntabilitas Pengisian Penjabat Kepala Daerah di Indonesia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2042

Keywords:

Accountability, Filling, Acting Regional Head

Abstract


Before the regional head elections, the Minister of Home Affairs(Mendagri) appoints acting regional heads, sparking discussionsabout accountability. This study aims to analyze the development ofregulations for appointing acting regional heads and their implicationsfor accountability. The research, conducted as normative juridicalresearch using secondary data, reveals two key findings. Firstly, thereare three distinct aspects differing in the process of appointing actingregional heads: the reasons for filling the position, the criteria forbecoming acting, and the extended term of the acting position withoutaccountability. Secondly, the lack of accountability in the appointmentprocess has implications, including the potential for acting regionalheads lacking understanding of the region, the presence of actingregional heads driven by political interests, their limited experienceand increased vulnerability to political influence, and the risk ofunsustainable programs initiated by the previous regional head.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Fitra Kurniawan, Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Muhammad Fitra Kurniawan was born in Medan on December 16, 2001. He is currently working as a Legal Analyst at the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs in Indonesia. He completed his studies at the Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta in May 2023, with a concentration in constitutional law. His research mainly focuses on issues related to judicial power, democracy, legislative law, and human rights. Previously, he was an active member of the editorial board of Jurnal Mimbar Hukum during the 2020-2023 period and also served as the secretariat of the Centre for Democracy, Constitutional and Human Rights Studies (PANDEKHA) at the Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Muhammad Hamzah Al Faruq, Swasaba Research Initiative, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Muhammad Hamzah Al Faruq was born on April 24, 2001, in Bogor City. He graduated from Gadjah Mada University with a degree in Law, specializing in constitutional law. His research focuses on regional legislation, licensing law, local taxes and levies, capital participation, and CSR. Currently, he works as a research assistant for Swasaba Research Initiative, providing his expertise in the formation of the Regional Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPD) of Kutai Kartanegara Regency for the period 2025-2045. You can contact him for research collaboration or consultation at [email protected].

Garuda Era Ruhpinesthi, Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Garuda Era Ruhpinesthi was born on November 1, 2001 in Yogyakarta. She is currently enrolled in the Faculty of Law at Gadjah Mada University, where she is focusing on constitutional law. Her research primarily revolves around presidential institutions, elections, legislation law, licensing law, and local taxes and levies. Garuda Era Ruhpinesthi is also an active research assistant for the public consultant Swasaba Research Initiative. For any research collaboration or consultation, please get in touch with her at [email protected].

References

Adelina, Fransica. “Legalitas Penunjukan Pejabat Polri Menjadi Pelaksana Tugas Gubernur Pada Masa Kampanye Pemilihan Kepala Daerah.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 15, no. 1 (2018): 11–19.

Arif, Alma, dan Megandaru W. Kawuryan. "Memikirkan Kembali Pemilihan Kepala Daerah DKI Jakarta Tahun 2022: Antara Gubernur dan Pejabat Pelaksana." JIIP: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan 6, no. 1 (2021): 73-85. https://doi.org/10.14710/jiip.v6i1.10071

Andyanto, Hidayat. “Tinjauan Yuridis Pemberhentian Sementara Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah.” Jendela Hukum 3, no. 1 (2016): 59-71.

Arnstein, Sherry R. “A Ladder of Citizen Participation.” Journal of the American Planning Association. 35, no. 4 (1969): 216–24.

Bovens, Mark. “Analysing dan Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework.” European Law Journal 13, no. 4 (2007): 447–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0386.2007.00378.x.

Budi, Moh. Waspa Kusuma, and Ari Gusnita. “Diskriminasi Dalam Upaya Reformasi Birokrasi (Analisis Terhadap Keputusan Penjabat Bupati/ Walikota Menjelang Pilkada Serentak Di Provinsi Lampung).” In Open Society Conference, Social and Political Challenges in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (BNBB), Seminar Nasional FHSIP-UT 2016, 607. Tangerang Selatan, 2016.

Budiarjo, Miriam. Menggapai Kedaulatan Untuk Rakyat. Bandung: Mizan, 2000.

Deliarnoor, Nandang Alamsah. “Problematika Pelaksana Tugas (PLT) Dalam Masa Transisi Pemerintahan (Pra Dan Pasca Pilkada Serentak).” CosmoGov 1, no. 2 (14 April 2017): 322-35. https://doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v1i2.11841.

Ernitasari, Yuli. “Analisis PJ. Kepala Daerah Yang Memutasi Pegawai Negeri Sipil Tidak Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 12 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kenaikan Pangkat PNS Dalam Jabatan Struktural Dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Disiplin PNS Di Lampung.” Pranata Hukum 10, no. 2 (2016): 109-22.

Fauzani, Addi, dan Aprilia Wahyuningsih. “Problematika Penjabat Dalam Mengisi Kekosongan Jabatan Kepala Daerah.” In Prosiding Call for Papers Hukum Kenegaraan, Departemen Hukum Tata Negara Dan Departemen Hukum Administrasi Negara FH UII, 337–54. Yogyakarta, 2021.

Fauzia, Mutia. “KASN: Bila Usulan Pj Kepala Daerah Bermotif Politis, Birokrasi Netral Sulit Diharapkan.” Kompas, 2022. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/06/15/18015671/kasn-bila-usulan-pj-kepala-daerah-bermotif-politis-birokrasi-netral-sulit.

Finn, Paul. “Public Trust and Public Accountability.” The Australian Quarterly 65, no. 2 (1993): 50–59. https://doi.org/10.2307/20635720.

Gavison, Ruth. “The Implications of Jurisprudential Theories for Judicial Election, Selection, and Accountability.” Southern California Law review 61, no. 1617 (1988): 1618–60. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1878625.

Harbowo, Kustiasih, dan Herin. “Kemendagri: Usulan Gubernur Terkait Penjabat Bupati/ Wali Kota Tak Mutlak Diakomodasi.” Kompas, 2022. https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2022/05/20/kemendagri-usulan-gubernur-untuk-posisi-penjabat-bupatiwalikota-tak-mutlak-diakomodasi.

Harbowo, Nikolaus, dan Prayogi Dwi Sulistyo. “Sistem Pemilihan Penjabat Tertutup Buka Ruang Korupsi.” Kompas, 2022. https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2022/04/19/sistem-pemilihan-penjabat-tertutup-buka-ruang-korupsi.

Iswinarmo, Chandra, dan Welly Hidayat. “Kontras Dan ICW Kritik Mendagri Yang Tidak Melihat Rekam Jejak Dalam Proses Pengisi Penjabat Kepala Daerah.” Suara.com, 2022. https://www.suara.com/news/2022/05/27/171702/kontras-dan-icw-kritik-mendagriyang-tidak-melihat-rekam-jejak-dalam-proses-pengisi-penjabat-kepala-daerah?page=all.

Iswinarno, Chandra, and Fakhri Fuadi Muflih. “Groundbreaking Dilakukan Anies, Akhirnya ITF Sunter Gagal Dibangun Heru Budi: Pemda Tidak Mampu Bayar Tiping Fee.” Suara.com, 2023. https://www.suara.com/news/2023/06/27/162033/groundbreakingdilakukan-anies-akhirnya-itf-sunter-gagal-dibangun-heru-budi-pemda-tidak-mampubayar-tiping-fee.

Jashari, Murat, dan Islam Pepaj. “The Role of the Principle of Transparency and Accountability in Public Administration.” Acta Universitatis Danubius 10, no. 1 (2018): 60–69.

Juanda, Juanda, dan Ogiandhafiz Juanda. “Pengangkatan Penjabat Kepala Daerah Menghadapi Pilkada Serentak 2024 Dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara.” Jurnal Keamanan Nasional 8, no. 1 (2022): 192–219. https://doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v8i1.534.

Kelibay, Ismed, Irwan Boinauw, Rosnani Rosnani, dan Miryam Diana Kalagison. “Dinamika Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak Nasional Dalam Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024.” Jurnal Noken: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 7, no. 2 (21 Juni 2022): 167–81. https://doi.org/10.33506/jn.v7i2.1739

Kholik, Saeful, dan Carto Carto. “Kebijakan Menteri Dalam Negeri Tentang Persyaratan Pengangkatan Penjabat Gubernur dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah.” Jurnal Problematika Hukum 3, no. 1 (2018): 65–78.

Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 15/PUU-XX/2022 (2022).

Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 67/PUU-XIX/2021(2021).

Metro TV. “Kontroversi - Tarik Menarik Penjabat Kepala Daerah,” 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UKxzsiDbl0.

Kurnia, Fabian Riza, dan Rizari Rizari. “TINJAUAN YURIDIS KEWENANGAN PENJABAT SEMENTARA (PJS) KEPALA DAERAH.” TRANSFORMASI: Jurnal Manajemen Pemerintahan 11, no. 2 (25 November 2019): 79–97. https://doi.org/10.33701/jtp.v11i2.691.

Kuswantoro, Erwin. “Implementasi Prinsip Akuntabilitas Pada Pemilu Legislatif Tahun 2019 Oleh KPU Kabupaten Tebo Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pemilihan Umum.” Universitas Islam Negeri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, 2020. http://repository.uinjambi.ac.id/3263/1/Erwin Kuswantoro.pdf.

Mahardika, Ahmad Gelora, Sun Fatayati, dan Ferry Nahdian Furqan. “Problematika Yuridis Pengisian Penjabat Sementarakepala Daerah Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia.” Legacy: Jurnal Hukum Dan Perundang-Undangan 2, no. 2 (2022): 22–36.

Mahmodin, Mohammad Mahfud. “Perkembangan Politik Hukum Studi Tentang Pengaruh Konfigurasi Politik Terhadap Produk Hukum Di Indonesia.” Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1993.

Makawi, Panhar, Muhammad Pranata, Muhammad Abudan, dan Suharno Pawirosumarto. “General Review Of The Appointment Of Active Polri Members To Answer As Regional Head (CASE STUDY: Appointment OF Pol Commissioner General Mochamad Iriawan AS Acting Governor OF West Java.).” Review of International Geographical Education Online 24 (2021): 3452–65. https://doi.org/10.48047/rigeo.11.06.158.

Manan, Bagir. Hubungan Antara Pusat Dan Daerah Menurut UUD 1945. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, 1994.

Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group, 2005.

Maula, Lia Ni’matul, Putra Astomo, dan Dian Fitri Sabrina. “LEGALITAS PENETAPAN PENJABAT WALIKOTA MAKASSAR SEBAGAI DAMPAK DARI PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH 2018.” Jurnal Hukum Unsulbar 2, no. 1 (15 Januari 2020): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31605/jlaw.v2i1.588.

Merloe, Patrick. “Human Rights-The Basis For Inclusiveness, Transparency, Acconuntability and Public Confidence in Elections.” In International Principles for Democratic Election, 9. Washington DC: Sandler, Reiff & Young, 2008. https://www.ndi.org/sites/default/files/2338_electionsprinciples_engpdf_07092008.pdf.

Micozzi, Juan Pablo. “Does electoral accountability make a difference? Direct elections, career ambition, and legislative performance in the Argentine Senate.” Journal of Politics 75, no. 1 (2013): 137–49. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381612000928.

CNN Indonesia. “MK Buka Suara, Ahli Sebut TNI Polri Jadi Kepala Daerah Tidak Sah,” 2022. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20220525190108-32-801254/mk-buka-suaraahli-sebut-tni-polri-jadi-pj-kepala-daerah-tak-sah.

Muhammad, Muhammad. “Realizing Accountability of General Election With Quality and Integrity Thru Transformation of The General Election System.” In Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 1st Hasanuddin International Conference on Social and Political Sciences, HICOSPOS 2019, 21-22 October 2019, Makassar, Indonesia. Makassar: EAI, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-10-2019.2291520.

Muzakkir, Abd. Kahar, Muhammad Alhamid, dan Gustiana A. Kambo. “Pembatalan Pembahasan Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum dan Keterkaitannya pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024.” PLENO JURE 10, no. 1 (29 April 2021): 54–67. https://doi.org/10.37541/plenojure.v10i1.560.

BBC. “Pj Gubernur: Menteri Tito Klaim Penunjukan Sudah ‘Demokratis’, Tapi Mengapa Dituding ‘Tidak Transparan’ Dan Rentan ‘Dipolitisasi’?,” 2022. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-61382329.

Pratama, Jeffry Micco, dan M Fachri Adnan. “Evaluation of the Implementation of the Principles of Law Enforcement, Transparency, and Accountability in the Implementation of Regional Head Elections During the Covid-19 Pandemic in the South Coast.” Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik 12, no. 2 (31 Agustus 2022): 285. https://doi.org/10.26858/jiap.v12i2.36814.

Rached, Danielle Hanna. “Doomed aspiration of pure instrumentality: Global Administrative Law and accountability.” Global Constitutionalism 3, no. 3 (22 November 2014): 338–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045381714000094.

Rached, Danielle Hanna. “International Law of Climate Change and Accountability.” the University of Edinburgh Law School, 2013. https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/28696/Rached2013.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

Rahmawat, Diva Agustina, Hendrik Salmon, dan Dezonda Rosiana Pattipawae. “Keabsahan Keputusan Penjabat Sementara Bupati Seram Bagian Timur Tentang Pengangkatan Dan Pemberhentian 5 (Lima) Karateker.” TATOHI Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 1, no. 3 (2021): 257–64.

Rahmazani. “Problematika Pengisian Jabatan Penjabat Kepala Daerah di Masa Transisi Pra Pilkada 2024.” Jurnal Konstitusi 20, no. 2 (2023): 196–215. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2022.

Ramanda, Dio Ekie. “Menata Ulang Kewenangan Mengangkat Penjabat Kepala Daerah.” JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan) 6, no. 3 (2022): 10061–68. https://doi.org/10.58258/jisip.v6i3.3353.

Republik Indonesia. Naskah Akademik Rancangan Undang-Undang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, Dan Walikota Menjadi Undang-Undang, (2015).

Republik Indonesia. Penetapan Presiden Nomor 6 Tahun 1959 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah (1959).

Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 35 Tahun 2013 tentang Tata Cara Pelantikan Kepala Daerah dan/atau Wakil Kepala Daerah (2013).

Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 6 Tahun 2005 tentang Pemilihan, Pengesahan, Pengangkatan, dan Pemberhentian Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah (2005).

Republik Indonesia. “Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1945 Tentang Kedudukan Komite Nasional Daerah,” 1945.

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1957 tentang Pokok-Pokok Pemerintah Daerah (1957).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota Menjadi Undang-Undang (2015).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang- Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, Dan Walikota Menjadi Undang-Undang, (2016).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1948 tentang Penetapan Aturan-Aturan Pokok Mengenai Pemerintahan Sendiri di Daerah-Daerah yang Berhak Mengatur dan Mengurus Rumah Tangganya Sendiri (1948).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 tentang tentang Pemerintahan Daerah (1999).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah (2014).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1974 tentang Pokok-Pokok Pemerintahan Daerah (1974).

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Apatur Sipil Negara (2014).

Rizaldi, Fabian Riza Kurnia, and Afrilia Fithrotulhana. “Assignment of Police Officers as Provisional Governor: Case Study an Acting Officer’s Governor of West Java.” In Proceedings of the International Conference on Public Administration, Policy and Governance (ICPAPG), 359, 2019.

Sawir, Muhammad. “Konsep Akuntabilitas Publik,” 2017. http://repository.uniyap.ac.id/276/1/229023118.pdf.

Sucahyo, Nurhadi. “Akademisi: Proses Pengisian Penjabat Kepala Daerah Seharusnya Melalui DPRD.” VOA Indonesia, 2022. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/akademisi-prosespengisian-penjabat-kepala-daerah-seharusnya-melalui-dprd-/6574055.html.

Suhaimi, Else, dan M. Yasin. “Problematika Pengisian Kekosongan Jabatan Kepala Daerah.” Jurnal Hukum Tri Pantang 8, no. 1 (2022): 55-65.

Tohadi, Tohadi. “Pengangkatan Penjabat Kepala Daerah Yang Berasal Dari Anggota Tentara Nasional Indonesia Dan Anggota Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia (Studi Kasus Pengangkatan Komjen Pol Mochammad Iriawan Sebagai Penjabat Gubernur Jawa Ba.” Jurnal Hukum Replik 6, no. 1 (1 Maret 2018): 68–96. https://doi.org/10.31000/jhr.v6i1.1178.

Usman, Syarifuddin. “Polemik Pengangkatan Penjabat Kepala Daerah (Studi Kasus Pengajuan Penjabat Sementara Kepala Daerah Kabupaten Pulau Morotai).” Jurnal Sains, Sosial Dan Humaniora (Jssh) 2, no. 1 (2022): 63–73. http://jurnal.ummu.ac.id/index.php/jssh/article/view/1144.

Wardani, Win Yuli. “Filling the Task of Regional Heads in the Regional Government System in Indonesia.” Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, 2022.

Wiyanto, Wisber, dan Muhammad Ma’ruf Afif. “Akuntabilitas Layanan Publik Melalui Penerapan Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik.” In Prosiding Seminar Nasional FHSIP-UT, 70. Tangerang Selatan, 2017.

Retno Yuliati, Soemarso Slamet Raharjo, dan Dodik Siswantoro. “Accountability and Incumbent Re-election in Indonesian Local Government.” International Research Journal of Business Studies 9, no. 3 (2016): 157–68. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.9.3.157-168.

Yunus, Nur Rohim. “Pengangkatan Perwira Aktif Polisi Sebagai Penjabat Kepala Daerah.” ’Adalah, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15408/adalah.v2i6.8229.

Yunus, Saiful Rijal. “Pemprov Sultra Tak Akan Lantik Dua Penjabat Bupati.” Kompas, 2022. https://www.kompas.id/baca/nusantara/2022/ 05/ 21/pemprov- sultra- tak- akan-lantik-dua -penjabat-bupati.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-11

How to Cite

Kurniawan, Muhammad Fitra, Muhammad Hamzah Al Faruq, and Garuda Era Ruhpinesthi. 2023. “Measuring Accountability for Filling the Acting Regional Heads in Indonesia: Menakar Akuntabilitas Pengisian Penjabat Kepala Daerah Di Indonesia”. Jurnal Konstitusi 20 (4):576-603. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2042.

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 4 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Konstitusi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Copyright of the published articles will be transferred to the journal as the publisher of the manuscripts. Therefore, the author confirms that the copyright has been managed by the publisher.
  2. The publisher of Jurnal Konstitusi is The Registrar and Secretariat General of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia.
  3. The copyright follows Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License: This license allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms. 

Most read articles by the same author(s)