Conditional Finality and Constitutional Rehearing: Recalibrating Judicial Integrity in Indonesia’s Constitutional Court
Finalitas Bersyarat dan Pemeriksaan Kembali Konstitusional: Rekalibrasi Integritas Yudisial di Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2321Keywords:
Constitutional Court, Conditional Finality, Constitutional Rehearing, Judicial Integrity, Judicial PowerAbstract
Constitutional Court Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 exposed a legitimacy crisis in Indonesia’s judicial power, as serious ethics violations did not affect the enforceability of a final and binding decision. The underlying problem is that a rigid separation between legal validity and ethical accountability allows judicial products tainted by conflicts of interest to remain legally operative. Using normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, this study finds that judicial integrity is an objective constitutional requirement for the validity of constitutional adjudication. It proposes the doctrine of conditional finality, under which finality may become defeasible when an integrity defect is authoritatively established by an ethics institution. The doctrine is operationalized through a Constitutional Rehearing mechanism as a form of judicial self-correction. The study concludes that Indonesia should adopt integrity-linked adjudication through legislative and procedural reform to harmonize law, ethics, legal certainty, and substantive justice.
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