The Influence of External Actors on Human Rights Incorporation in the 1949 Federal Constitution of Indonesia: Pengaruh Aktor Eksternal terhadap Inkorporasi HAM dalam Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Serikat Tahun 1949

Abdul Munif Ashri

doi:10.31078/jk2045

Authors

Abdul Munif Ashri Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-7325

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2045

Keywords:

1949 Federal Constitution of Indonesia, Human Rights, External Influence on Constitution-Making

Abstract

This article discusses how the incorporation of human rights provisionsin the 1949 Federal Constitution of Indonesia has been influenced by thepolitical constellation marked by the involvement of the Netherlands andthe United Nations (UN) as external actors. The study in this article isconsidered a socio-legal study in line with its interdisciplinary character,which could be specified as legal history research. The general conclusiondrawn shows that the settlement of disputes regarding the issue ofdecolonization through the Round Table Conference has conditionedthe incorporation of human rights into the 1949 Federal Constitution.It appears that from the clauses outlined in the Linggarjati Agreementand the Statute of the Netherlands-Indonesia Union, the 1949 FederalConstitution mutatis mutandis was conditioned to adopt constitutionalguarantees of human rights. In addition, the involvement of the UNindirectly makes the incorporation of human rights possible, as theUN was established with one of its main objectives to promote respectfor human rights.

Author Biography

Abdul Munif Ashri, Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abdul Munif Ashri was born on March 27, 1999, in Ujung Pandang (Makassar). He completed his basic education in his hometown and received his Bachelor of Laws degree from the Faculty of Law at Hasanuddin University (Unhas) in 2021. As of August 2022, Munif is pursuing his Master's degree in Law at the Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Yogyakarta. Throughout his academic journey from Strata 1 to Strata 2, Munif focused on international law. At the Faculty of Law UGM, he volunteered at the Centre for Law and Social Justice (LSJ) and the Centre for Constitutional, Democracy and Human Rights Studies (Pandekha). He has also contributed to several national journals with his writings on human rights law, international criminal law, and transitional justice.

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