Relasi Pancasila dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Sumber Hukum di Indonesia: Relasi Pancasila dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Sumber Hukum di Indonesia

Labib Muttaqin; Sudjito Atmoredjo; Andy Omara

doi:10.31078/jk2115

Authors

Labib Muttaqin Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-0237
Sudjito Atmoredjo Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0739-5906
Andy Omara Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8434-2005

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2115

Keywords:

Constitutional Court Decisions, Pancasila, Rules, Sources of Law

Abstract

Both Pancasila and the Constitutional Court Decision both have the same position as a source of law in the formation of laws and regulations. Therefore, this paper intends to analyze the relationship that must be built between Pancasila and the Constitutional Court Decision as a source of law. This research is normative legal research, the data in the writing comes from legal materials, both primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Therefore, the selected data collection technique is literature study. The results of this study indicate that the rulings of the Constitutional Court which are regulatory (conditional constitutional-unconstitutional and those that formulate new norms) make the Constitutional Court Decisions a binding source of law which has major implications in constructing the formation of statutory regulations. At this point, Constitutional Justices must be able to relate and synchronize the decisions they make with Pancasila, bearing in mind that as a source of law Pancasila is the source of national basic law and the source of all sources of law in Indonesia.

Author Biographies

Labib Muttaqin, Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Labib Muttaqin was born in Kabupaten Banyumas on June 1, 1993. He completed his primary and secondary education in Kabupaten Banyumas, attending Madrasah Ibtida’iah, Madrasah Tsanawiyah, and Madrasah Aliyah. Labib pursued his undergraduate education through a double degree program at two universities, namely the Faculty of Sharia at the State Islamic University of Malang and the Faculty of Law at Brawijaya University, Malang. After completing his undergraduate studies, he continued his Master's degree at the Master of Law program at Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, specializing in Constitutional Law and graduated in 2018. Currently, Labib serves as a lecturer at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. In addition to his teaching duties, Labib is currently pursuing his PhD in Law at Gadjah Mada University.

Sudjito Atmoredjo, Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Sudjito Atmoredjo was born in Imogiri, Bantul, in 1954. He completed his undergraduate studies at the Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, obtained his Master's degree from the Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, and earned his Ph.D. in Law from the Doctoral Program in Law at Diponegoro University, Semarang. Sudjito is a Professor at the Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University. As an academician, Prof. Sudjito, as he is fondly called, teaches undergraduate, master's, and doctoral students on a daily basis. He is also actively involved as a speaker in various seminars and writes articles for various print media in between his teaching responsibilities, mentoring students, and fulfilling other academic duties. In addition to being an academic, Sudjito is also a member of the Ethics Council of the Constitutional Court, representing the academic community.

Andy Omara, Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Andy Omara was born on May 15, 1972, and is a lecturer at the Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University. He pursued his undergraduate studies at the Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University, obtained his Master's degree from Melbourne University, and earned his doctoral degree from The University of Washington School of Law. As a lecturer, he teaches Constitutional Law, Political Science, Legal Politics, Comparative Constitutional Law, Judicial Review, and Local Government Law in both undergraduate and graduate programs. In addition to teaching, he conducts research and writes book chapters and articles for various nationally accredited law journals as well as international journals.

References

Abubakar, Lastuti. “Revitalisasi Hukum Adat Sebagai Sumber Hukum Dalam Membangun Sistem Hukum Indonesia.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 13, no. 2 (2013): 319–31. http:// dinamikahukum.fh.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/JDH/article/view/213.

Ali, Mohammad Mahrus, and Meyrinda Rahmawaty Hilipito dan Syukri Asy. “Tindak Lanjut Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Yang Bersifat Konstitusional Bersyarat Serta Memuat Norma Baru (The Implementation of Constitutional Court Verdict on Conditionally Constitutional and New Legal Norm).” Jurnal Konstitusi, 12, no. 3 (2015): 631-62.

Asshiddiqie, Jimly. Teori Hans Kelsen Tentang Hukum. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal & Kepaniteraan Mahkamah Konstitusi RI, 2006.

Asy’ari, Syukri, Meyrinda Rahmawaty Hilipito, and Mohammad Mahrus Ali. “Model Dan Implementasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Pengujian Undang-Undang (Studi Putusan Tahun 2003-2012).” Jurnal Konstitusi 10, no. 4 (2016): 675-708. https://doi. org/10.31078/jk1046.

Atmoredjo, Sudjito. Ideologi Hukum Indonesia: Kajian Pancasila Dalam Perspektif Ilmu Hukum Dan Dasar Negara Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Lingkar Media, 2016.

———. “Membangun Sistem Hukum Nasional Berdasarkan Ideologi Pancasila.” Prosiding Kongres Pancasila VI, 2014, 40.

Bo’a, Fais Yonas. “Pancasila Sebagai Sumber Hukum Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional.” Jurnal Konstitusi 15, no. 1 (2018): 21-49. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1512.

Brewer-CarÍas, Allan R. “Constitutional Courts as Positive Legislators.” General Reports of the Xviiith Congress of the International Academy o Comparative Law/Rapports Generaux Du Xviiieme Congres de l’academie Internationale De Droit Compare, 2012, 549–69. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2354-2_23.

Christiani, Theresia Anita. “Normative and Empirical Research Methods: Their Usefulness and Relevance in the Study of Law as an Object.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 219 (2016): 201–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.006.

Fuad, Fokky. “Falsafah Hukum Pancasila, Reaktualisasi Staatsfundamentalnorm.” Lex Jurnalica 13, no. 3 (2016): 171–78.

Hadi, Sholikul. “Eksistensi Pancasila Sebagai Sumber Segala Sumber Hukum Dalam Konstitusi Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) 3, no. 2 (2021): 104–40. https://doi.org/10.35719/ijl.v3i2.128.

Hanafi, Muhammad F, and Sunny U Firdaus. “Implementasi Teori Hans Nawiasky Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Demokrasi Dan Ketahanan Nasional | 1, no. 1 (2022): 79–83.

Huda, Ni’matul. Formulasi Konsep Tindak Lanjut Putusan Pengujian Undang-Undang Oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi Yang Bersifat Mengatur. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengkajian Perkara, dan Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Kepaniteraan dan Sekretariat Jenderal Mahkamah Konstitusi, 2019.

Huda, Ni’matul. Ni’matul. “Problematika Pengaturan Tindak Lanjut Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Perkara Pidana Oleh Mahkamah Agung.” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 27, no. 3 (2020): 437–57. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol27.iss3.art1.

Indrati, Maria Farida. Ilmu Perundang-Undangan: Dasar-Dasar Dan Pembentukannya. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2000.

Jackson, Vicki C. “Constitutional Comparisons: Convergence, Resistance, Engagement.” Harvard Law Review 119, no. 1 (2005): 109–28. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4093561.

Jelić, Zoran. “A Note On Adolf Merkl’s Theory Of Administrative Law, Journal Facta Universitatis, Series.” Law and Politics 1, no. 2 (1998): 147-55.

Kaelan. Negara Kebangsaan Pancasila: Kultural, Historis, Filosofis, Yuridis, Dan Aktualisasinya. Pancasila. Yogyakarta: Paradigma, 2013.

Kelsen, Hans. General Theory of Law and State. General Theory of Law and State. New York: Russsel & Russel, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203790960.

Lumbuun, Topane Gayus. “Tindak Lanjut Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Oleh DPR RI.” Legislasi Indonesia 6, no. 3 (2009): 77–94.

Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 terkait “uji materi” Pasal 61 ayat (1), ayat (2) dan Pasal 64 ayat (1), ayat (5) UU No. 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan Atas UU No. 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan.

Martitah. Mahkamah Konstitusi Dari Negative Legislature Ke Positive Lagislature ? Jakarta: Konstitusi Press, 2013.

MD, Moh. Mahfud. “Rambu Pembatas Dan Perluasan Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi.” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 16, no. 4 (2009): 441–62. https://doi.org/10.20885/ iustum.vol16.iss4.art1.

Mertokusumo, Sudikno. Mengenal Hukum (Suatu Pengantar). Yogyakarta: Liberty, 1991.

Muhtadi. “Penerapan Teori Hans Kelsen Dalam Tertib Hukum Indonesia.” FIAT JUSTISIA:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 3 (2014): 293-302. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v5no3.75.

Navarro, Pablo E., and José Juan Moreso. “Applicability and Effectiveness of Legal Norms.” Law and Philosophy 16, no. 2 (1997): 201–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/3505025.

Nugraha, Xavier, Risdiana Izzaty, and Alya Anira. “Constitutional Review Di Indonesia Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 48/Puu-Ix/2011: Dari Negative Legislator Menjadi Positive Legislator.” Rechtidee 15, no. 1 (2020): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.21107/ ri.v15i1.5183.

Olechowski, Thomas. “Legal Hierarchies in the Works of Hans Kelsen and Adolf Julius Merkl.” In Reconsidering Constitutional Formation II Decisive Constitutional Normativity, 353–62, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73037-0_9.

Patra, Rommy. “Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Pengawal Demokrasi Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH) 8, no. 2 (2022): 381–93. https://doi.org/10.23887/ jkh.v8i2.51180.

Pinasang, Dani. “Falsafah Pancasila Sebagai Norma Dasar (Grundnorm) Dalam Rangka Pengembanan Sistem Hukum Nasional.” Jurnal Hukum Unsrat 20, no. 3 (2012): 1–10. http://repo.unsrat.ac.id/id/eprint/266.

Rahardjo, Satjipto. Ilmu Hukum. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2006.

Republik Indonesia. Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Tentang Sumber Hukum Dan Tata Urutan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Nomor III/MPR/2000.

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2003 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi. Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2011. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia 2011 Nomor 70. Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5226.

Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia 2011 Nomor 82. Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5234.

Sambuari, Fista Prilia. “Eksistensi Putusan Judicial Review Oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi.” Lex Administratum 1, no. 2 (2013): 17–24.

Samekto, FX. Adji. “Menelusuri Akar Pemikiran Hans Kelsen Tentang Stufenbeautheorie Dalam Pendekatan Normatif-Filosofis.” Jurnal Hukum Progresif 7, no. 1 (2019): 1. https:// doi.org/10.14710/hp.7.1.1-19.

Siregar, Fritz Edwadr. “Indonesia Constitutional Court Constitutional Interpretation Methodology (2003-2008).” Constitutional Review 1, no. 1 (2015): 1–27. https://doi. org/10.31078/consrev111.

Steamer, Robert J., and Christopher Wolfe. The Rise of Modern Judicial Review: From Constitutional Interpretation to Judge-Made Law. Political Science Quarterly. Vol. 102. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, 1987. https://doi.org/10.2307/2151497.

Wardiono, Kelik, and Khudzaifah Dimyati. “Basis Epistemologis Paradigma Rasional Dalam Ilmu Hukum: Sebuah Deskripsi Tentang Asumsi-Asumsi Dasar Teori Hukum Murni-Hans Kelsen.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 14, no. 3 (2014): 369–83. https://doi.org/10.20884/1. jdh.2014.14.3.304.

The Relationship between Pancasila and Constitutional Court Decisions as a Source of Law in Indonesia