Teori Utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham: Tujuan Hukum Atau Metode Pengujian Produk Hukum?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1922Keywords:
Jeremy Bentham, Legal Purpose, Utilitarianism Theory, UtilityAbstract
Utility as a legal purpose has become a belief in Indonesia. In his literature, Bentham implies that utility are the dimension of the calculation of pleasure and pain, which is more appropriate to be used as a method of evaluating laws and regulations, rather than for legal purposes. This study tries to dissect the concept of Bentham's utilitarianism theory, and to find its position in the facet of legal thought. The conclusion of this study explains why utility is not a legal purpose. Utility is part of the calculation variables for evaluating legal product evaluation methods, so as to determine whether legal certainty in a legal product is sustainable or not. Furthermore, Bentham's theory of utilitarianism takes the separability thesis and the reductive thesis, as its standpoint of legal positivism, therefore Bentham's utilitarianism theory is not an independent school of thought, but a facet of legal positivism
References
Buku
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Bentham, Jeremy. An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. 2001 ed. Ontario: Batoche Books Kitchener, 2001.
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Coke, Alan Edward. “The First Part of the Institutes Lawyers of England.” In The Selected Writing of Sir Edward Cocke, Volume 2., 701. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2003.
Coleman, Jules L., dan Leiter Brian. “A Companion To Philosophy and Legal Theory,” 228. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2010.
Finnis, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.
George, Robert. Natural Law Theory: Contemporary Essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Hale, Matthew. The History of The Common Law of England. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1971.
Hobbes, Thomas. Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. London: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Mangunhardjana, A. Isme-Isme Dalam Etika Dari A Sampai Z. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1999.
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Perreau-Saussine, Amanda, dan James Bernard Murphy. The Nature of CUstomary Law: Legal, Historical and Philosophy Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
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Jurnal
Ali, Mahrus. “Pemetaan Tesis dalam Aliran-Aliran Filsafat Hukum dan Konsekuensi Metodologisnya.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM 24, no. 2 (15 April 2017): 213–31. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol24.iss2.art3.
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Schofield, Philip. “Jeremy Bentham, the Principle of Utility, and Legal Positivism.” Current Legal Problems 56, no. 1 (2003): 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/clp/56.1.1.
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The Lawyer Portal. “Difference Between Solicitor and Barrister.” The Lawyer Portal. Diakses 27 Agustus 2021. https://www.thelawyerportal.com/careers/difference-between-solicitor-and-barrister/.
University College of London. “About Jeremy Bentham.” University College of London. Diakses 29 September 2021. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bentham-project/about-jeremy-bentham.
Westminster School. “About Westminster.” Westminster School. Diakses 29 September 2021. https://www.westminster.org.uk/about/.
Asshiddiqie, Jimly, dan M. Ali Safa’at. Teori Hans Kelsen Tentang Hukum. Mahkamah Konstitusi RI, 2006.
Bentham, Jeremy. An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. 2001 ed. Ontario: Batoche Books Kitchener, 2001.
Bertens, Kees. Ringkasan Sejarah Filsafat. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1998.
Blackstone, William. Commentaries on the Laws of England. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1979.
Coke, Alan Edward. “The First Part of the Institutes Lawyers of England.” In The Selected Writing of Sir Edward Cocke, Volume 2., 701. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2003.
Coleman, Jules L., dan Leiter Brian. “A Companion To Philosophy and Legal Theory,” 228. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2010.
Finnis, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.
George, Robert. Natural Law Theory: Contemporary Essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Hale, Matthew. The History of The Common Law of England. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1971.
Hobbes, Thomas. Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. London: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Mangunhardjana, A. Isme-Isme Dalam Etika Dari A Sampai Z. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1999.
Martin, Francisco F., Stephen J. Schnably, Richard J. Wilson, Jonathan S. Simon, dan Mark V. Tushnet. International Human Rights & Humanitarian Law: Treaties, Cases, & Analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Mulgan, Tim. Utilitarianism. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Perreau-Saussine, Amanda, dan James Bernard Murphy. The Nature of CUstomary Law: Legal, Historical and Philosophy Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Sidharta, Arief. Refleksi tentang Struktur Ilmu Hukum. Cetakan Ke. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2009.
Warnock, Mary. Utilitarianisme and On Liberty: Including Mill’s Essay on Bentham and Selection from the Writings of Jeremy Bentham and John Austin. Second. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, n.d.
Jurnal
Ali, Mahrus. “Pemetaan Tesis dalam Aliran-Aliran Filsafat Hukum dan Konsekuensi Metodologisnya.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM 24, no. 2 (15 April 2017): 213–31. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol24.iss2.art3.
Kolosov, Igor, dan Konstantin Sigalov. “Epistemological foundations of early legal utilitarianism.” Wisdom 14, no. 1 (24 Maret 2020): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.24234/WISDOM.V14I1.302.
Kolosov, Igor V., dan Konstantin E. Sigalov. “Was J. Bentham the First Legal Utilitarian?” RUDN Journal of Law 24, no. 2 (2020): 438–71. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2020-24-2-438-471.
Schofield, Philip. “Jeremy Bentham, the Principle of Utility, and Legal Positivism.” Current Legal Problems 56, no. 1 (2003): 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/clp/56.1.1.
_________. “The legal and political legacy of jeremy bentham.” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 9 (November 2013): 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-102612-134101.
Internet
Duignan, Brian. “Utilitarianism.” Britannica. Diakses 28 Maret 2022. https://www.britannica.com/topic/utilitarianism-philosophy.
Pecorino, Phillip A. “An Introduction to Philosophy, Chapter 2: The Greeks.” Diakses 4 April 2022. https://www.qcc.cuny.edu/socialsciences/ppecorino/intro_text/chapter 2 greeks/Pre_Socratics.htm.
Pranayaditnya, Arendra. “Tren Pembelian Mobil di Masa Pandemi, Lebih Banyak Cas atau Kredit?” Otosia.com. Diakses 4 April 2022. https://www.otosia.com/berita/tren-pembelian-mobil-di-masa-pandemi-lebih-banyak-cash-atau-kredit.html.
Sembiring, Ira Gita Natalia. “11 Debt Collector yang Mau Rampas Mobil yang Dikemudikan Babinsa Telah Ditangkap dan Ditahan.” Kompas.com. Diakses 4 April 2022. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2021/05/10/15220461/11-debt-collector-yang-mau-rampas-mobil-yang-dikemudikan-babinsa-telah.
Sinaga, Yohanes S. Hasiando. “Debt Collector Suruhan Leasing Tarik Paksa Kendaraan Bermotor, Bagaimana Aturannya?” Kompas.com. Diakses 4 April 2022. https://www.kompas.com/konsultasihukum/read/2021/07/16/060000880/debt-collector-suruhan-leasing-tarik-paksa-kendaraan-bermotor?page=all.
The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn. “Who We Are.” The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn. Diakses 27 Agustus 2021. https://www.lincolnsinn.org.uk/about-us/who-we-are/.
The Lawyer Portal. “Difference Between Solicitor and Barrister.” The Lawyer Portal. Diakses 27 Agustus 2021. https://www.thelawyerportal.com/careers/difference-between-solicitor-and-barrister/.
University College of London. “About Jeremy Bentham.” University College of London. Diakses 29 September 2021. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bentham-project/about-jeremy-bentham.
Westminster School. “About Westminster.” Westminster School. Diakses 29 September 2021. https://www.westminster.org.uk/about/.
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Published
2022-06-02
How to Cite
Pratiwi, Endang, Theo Negoro, and Hassanain Haykal. 2022. “Teori Utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham: Tujuan Hukum Atau Metode Pengujian Produk Hukum?”. Jurnal Konstitusi 19 (2):268-93. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk1922.
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